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Recent studies have shown arsenic
2020-03-21
Recent studies have shown arsenic could cause autophagic cell death in malignant cells, including leukemia and malignant glioma Ceftazidime [16], [17]. However, at present, little is known about the consequences of arsenic-treated urothelial cells in autophagy and expression of its related proteins
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Drug drug interactions are frequently attributed to function
2020-03-21
Drug-drug interactions are frequently attributed to functional alterations in CYP enzymes, including inhibition and induction (Chen et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2013). Mechanism-based inhibition is an irreversible form of enzyme inhibition and could form a stable inhibitor-enzyme complex, which is tho
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Ganetespib br Acknowledgements br Introduction Chemokines
2020-03-21
Acknowledgements Introduction Chemokines are a superfamily of chemotactic cytokines that play important roles in regulating cell migration and activation under inflammatory conditions (Nomiyama et al., 2008; Peatman and Liu, 2007; Zlotnik and Yoshie, 2000), such as angiogenesis (Arenberg et al
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Distribution of DGTS in basidiomycete fungi has
2020-03-21
Distribution of DGTS in basidiomycete fungi has been demonstrated to be heterogeneous. In certain fungal taxons, such as Agaricales, Polyporales and Russulales, there are species that synthesize and species that do not synthesize DGTS that belong to the same order or even family (Dembitsky, 1996, Va
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Iris domestica L Goldblatt Mabb
2020-03-20
Iris domestica (L.) Goldblatt & Mabb. (syn. Belamcanda chinensis L.) DC. (Iridaceae) occurs naturally in South and East Asia. Despite the fact that former monotypic genus Belamcanda has been included in the extended genus Iris, this classification has been questioned (Wilson, 2011; Mavrodiev et al.,
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Although it remains an unsettled
2020-03-20
Although it remains an unsettled issue, evidence favors that the endothelin ETA Liquidambaric acid may play a more important pathological role. While both endothelin ETA and ETB receptors are found in most tissues, endothelin ETA receptor is the predominant receptor responsible for the vasoconstric
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In addition PK studies on indicate
2020-03-20
In addition, PK studies on indicate that it displays excellent bioavailability, pharmacological and toxicological parameters., A concern was initially raised about compound that it may cause EPAC denaturing properties and false positives. To address this issue, Cheng and co-workers have conducted a
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In general terms PLA s
2020-03-20
In general terms, PLA2s participate in the Lands cycle of phospholipid fatty tlr inhibitor recycling [1,15,25], whereby the fatty acid composition at the sn-2 position of phospholipids is tightly controlled by a balance between hydrolytic reactions mediated by PLA2s versus activation of the free fat
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br Results br Discussion PKR is activated by viral dsRNA
2020-03-20
Results Discussion PKR is activated by viral dsRNA and exerts its antiviral effect through phosphorylation of eIF2a. Because eIF2a phosphorylation leads to attenuation of protein synthesis, many viruses have evolved mechanisms to block or suppress PKR activation. Some viruses use alternative t
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tryptophan hydroxylase EBI and its ligand s EBI was found in
2020-03-20
EBI2 and its ligand(s) EBI2 was found in a screen of upregulated genes in human B cells upon infection with EBV [1]. EBI2 is a G-protein (Gαi type) coupled receptor [2] but as long as 18 years after its discovery the nature of its ligand remained undisclosed. With the help of transfected cell lines
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Chemokine receptor expression in MCL is shown in
2020-03-20
Chemokine receptor expression in MCL is shown in Table 1. CXCR4, CXCR5 and CCR6 protein was detected in the majority of patients [10], [72], [102], [118] and CX3CR1 was found to be present in up to 75% of cases depending on the method used to identify the receptor [103]. CCR7 was more highly express
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Introduction Infection of cells by microorganisms activates
2020-03-20
Introduction Infection of 5224 by microorganisms activates the inflammatory response. The initial sensing of infection is mediated by innate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)including Toll-like receptors(TLRs) (Kawai and Akira, 2010; O’Neill et al., 2013).Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is one of t
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The lack of robust immunocompetent animal models
2020-03-20
The lack of robust immunocompetent animal models permissive for HCV makes it hard to assess if the quantity and quality of vaccine-induced immunity is sufficient to confer protection. Thus, it is difficult to predict to what extent antibody responses induced by current vaccination approaches, includ
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A second advance came with
2020-03-20
A second advance came with the discovery that conformationally-flexible benzamide analogs having an N-phenylpiperazine moiety possessed good affinity and modest selectivity for D3 versus D2 receptors [3,[14], [15], [16]]. This observation spawned a significant effort by medicinal chemists to develop
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p Kip is a critical component of the cell
2020-03-20
p27Kip1 is a critical component of the cell cycle machinery [15]. As an inhibitor of cyclin E-Cdk2, p27Kip1 plays a pivotal role in controlling cell proliferation, S-phase entry, and G1-phase exit during development and tumorigenesis [16]. p27Kip1 is predominantly regulated via posttranslational mod
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